经济增长、农地资源保护与农地非农化最优规模

Economic Growth,Farmland Resources Protection and Optimal Non-agricultural Scale of Farmland

经济增长和农地资源保护是当前农地非农化过程中需要权衡的两大内容。文章基于我国1997-2012年省际土地数据和边际收益理论,运用动态面板和门限面板模型,实证分析了兼顾经济增长和农地资源保护的农地非农化最优规模。研究结果表明:依赖土地调节而提升经济增长的政策忽视了农地资源的生态和社会成本,致使我国农地过度非农化;农地非农化虽在短期内促进经济增长,但长期内由于资源约束效应而抑制经济增长,其最优规模应该不超过实际非农化的73.56%。因此,在保持经济稳定增长的新常态时期,为了减少农地过度非农化以及保护农地资源,应完善资源补偿机制以及建立城乡统一建设用地市场,减少对土地价格的行政干预。

Economic growth and farmland resources protection are two issues weighted by non -agricultural process of farmland. Based on provincial land data from 1997 to 2012 and marginal income theory, this paper uses dynamic and threshold panel models to empirically analyze the op- timal non-agricultural scale of farmland taking consideration of economic growth and farmland re- sources protection. It comes to the following conclusions that： firstly, the policy of promoting e- conomic growth through land regulation ignores ecological and social costs of farmland resources, resulting in excessive land expropriation; secondly, the non-agricuhuralization of farmland pro- motes economic growth in the short run, but restricts economic growth in the long run owing to resources constraints; optimal non-agricultural scale of farmland should not exceed 73.56 % of re al non-agriculturalization of farmland. Therefore, besides the maintenance of stable economic growth, in order to reduce excessive non-agricuhuralization of farmland and protect farmland re- sources, China should perfect resources complementation mechanism, establish untied urban-rural construction land market and reduce administration intervention in land prices.