西方马克思主义阶级理论及其当代启示

The Class Theory of Western Marxism and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

西方马克思主义阶级理论,以马克思主义为重要理论参照,以时代条件的转换为现实依据。在社会主义革命遭遇失败之时,西方马克思主义者强调重视意识形态因素在社会革命中的作用;在资本主义繁荣发展和社会结构走向分化之时,他们积极探寻社会变革的新阶级主体;在资本主义持续发展和社会主义遭遇挫折之时,他们着重从微观与多元化的视角分析阶级现象。西方马克思主义阶级理论对发展马克思主义和研究中国阶级阶层状况具有重要启示。

The Western Marxist theory of class, which is based on the Marxist theory of class, adjusts its research subject in light of the conditions in the era of transformation： 1） the failure of the socialist revolution in Western Europe prompts the Western Marxists to emphasize on the role of the ideology in the social revolution; 2） the development and prosperity of Capitalism as well as the divisions of social structure promote the Western Marxists to explore the new revolutionary class subject; and 3） the sustainable development of Capitalism and the setbacks of the Socialism impel the Western Marxists to analyze the class issues from the microscopic and diverse perspectives. The progress of the Western Marxist theory of class has important implications on the development of Marxism as well as the research on the China＇s social class issues.