贵州省射击运动员心理健康现状及相关影响因素

Research on Mental Health Condition and Influence Factors of Shooting Athletes in Guizhou Province

目的:探讨射击运动员心理健康状况及影响因素。方法:以《症状自评量表》(SCL-90)和《运动员心理疲劳问卷》为工具,对优秀射击运动员在抑郁和恐怖因子,心理疲劳与强迫症状、人际关系等方面进行调查。结果:本组优秀射击运动员常见的心理症状主要是强迫症状和精神病性症状,高于全国正常成人常模(P<0.05);不同性别运动员心理健康状况的差异无统计学意义;健将级运动员、国家二级运动员与国家一级运动员相对比,在抑郁和恐怖因子上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心理疲劳与强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑和敌对维度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且心理疲劳能够对SCL-90总分起显著预测作用。结论:射击运动员存在心理健康问题,需要进行疏导。

Objective：To investigate the mental health condition and possible influencing factors on shooting athletes.Methods：Adopting self-reporting inventory （SCL-90） and athlete mental fatigue questionnaire for excellent shooting athletes to investigate following aspects：depression,phobic factors,mental fatigue,obsession and compulsion,and interpersonal relationship.Results：The common psychological symptoms of excellent shooting athletes in Guizhou were obsession and compulsion,and psychotic symptoms （P ＜ 0.05） ; there was no difference between male and female athletes in mental health.Comparing master sportsman and second class sportsman with the national class sportsman,significant differences were detected in aspects of depression and phobic factors （P ＜ 0.05） ; mental fatigue had a significant positive correlation with obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety and hostility（P ＜ 0.05）,and it had significant prediction to SCL-90 scores.Conclusions：There are some mental problems detected among athletes,grooming is required for healthy mental status