石煤提钒焙烧竖炉热工行为研究

Research on Thermal Behaviors of Shaft Furnace for Vanadium Extraction from Stone Coal

石煤提钒竖炉是一种具有自主知识产权的焙烧设备,具有初始投资较小、钒转化率较高、能耗较低等优点。通过热工测试开展竖炉热工行为研究,以弄清竖炉现炉况及能耗情况,提出竖炉稳定高效运行和节能的途径。研究表明:1竖炉炉况:炉内氧浓度和焙烧时间基本能够满足生产要求;炉内气流分布不均。2稳定炉况主要措施:给煤均匀,供给助燃风和冷却风均匀,炉顶引风均匀,完善生球造球,平稳连续布料和排料。3竖炉的热效率和火用效率分别为71.24%和37.22%;竖炉单位产品能耗比回转窑高9.16%,比平窑低40.50%。4节能主要措施:回收炉顶烟气余热,强化气固换热,适当增加炉墙厚度等。

The shaft furnace for vanadium extraction from stone coal is the roasting equipment with independent intellectual property rights,which has the advantages of smaller initial investment,higher vanadium conversion rate and lower energy consumption,etc.The research on thermal behaviors of the shaft furnace was carried out by means of thermal testing to find out the furnace conditions and energy consumption,and the measures for the energy saving,stable and efficient operation of the shaft furnace were proposed.The conclusions are as follows：1 The oxygen concentration and roasting time can basically meet the requirements for pellet roasting with uneven distribution of gas flow in the shaft furnace.2The main measures for stabilizing the furnace performances are ensuring the uniformity of qualities and quantities of the fuel,combustion-supporting and cooling air provided to the furnace and the flue gas from the furnace top,improving the pelletizing process of raw stone coal and keeping the continual feeding and discharging of pellets.3 The thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of shaft furnace are respectively71.24% and 37.22%,and the unit energy consumption of shaft furnace is 9.16% higher than that of the rotary kiln and 40.50% lower than that of the flat kiln.4The effective measures for energy saving are recycling the waste heat of the flue gas from the furnace top,enhancing the heat transfer between the pellets and cooling air and increasing the thickness of furnace wall.