结构参数对环路热管稳态工作性能的影响

Influence of Structural Parameter on Steady State Performance of Loop Heat Pipes

环路热管作为一种先进的两相传热设备,在航天器热控以及地面电子产品散热方面具有广阔的应用前景.基于能量平衡、压力平衡以及质量守恒建立了环路热管的稳态数学模型,并采用增值寻根法进行求解,模拟所得环路热管稳态运行温度同实验数据基本一致.基于该数学模型分析了蒸发器长度、毛细芯厚度、冷凝器管线长度、蒸汽管线长度以及液体管线长度等结构参数对环路热管稳态工作性能的影响,得出蒸发器向储液器的漏热和冷凝器有效冷凝面积是影响LHP稳态工作性能的主要因素的结论,并将作为对环路热管结构参数进行优化设计的依据.

Loop heat pipe has great prospect on spacecraft thermal control and ground electronic product heat dissipation as an advanced two-phase heat transfer device. Based on energy balance, pressure balance, mass conservation and geometric constraint, the steady state model of loop heat pipes was established and solved. The results of the model were compared with the experiments results. The comparison of the model predictions and the experimental results showed good agreement that validated the mathematical model proposed in this paper. The influences of structural parameters such as the length of the evaporator, the thickness of the wick, the length of the condenser, the length of the vapor line and liquid line on steady state performance of loop heat pipe were analyzed. The modeling results show that the heat leak from the evaporator to the compensation chamber and the effective condensing area of the condenser are the major factors influencing the steady state performance of loop heat pipes, which would be the basis for the optimization of structural parameters of loop heat pipes.