徽派建筑马头墙元素解读

Interpretation of Ma tau Wall Element in Huizhou Architecture

马头墙的组成形式特别注重规划的统一性以及和谐流畅的整体美感,这与当时徽州盛行的思想文化有莫大的关系,徽州地区是程朱理学的发源地,马头墙追求规整的排序组合就是受到了宗法制度的影响。代徽州人对封建的风水文化深信不疑,奉若神明,他们追求井然有序并富有层次感的建筑外形轮廓,认为毫无章法的排列会直接影响到宗族的兴衰。马头墙有着深厚的历史文化内蕴,不仅是徽派建筑的灵魂,也是展示徽州文化的重要媒介之一。

The form of Ma Tau wall puts special emphasis on the unity of the planning as well as the overall aesthetic of harmony and mellifluence, which is closely related to the prevailing ideology and culture in Huizhou at that time. Huizhou is the birthplace of the theory of the Neo-Confucianism on the feudal patriarchal system, which influenced the pursuit of Ma Tau wall in the regularity of the sorting portfolio. The ancient people of Huizhou believed in the feudal feng shui （geomancy） firmly, and took it as deities. They pursued the order and gradation of the buildings＇ configuration, thinking the clueless arrangement will directly affect the prosperity of the clan. Ma Tau wall has a rich historical connotation. It is not only the soul of Huizhou architecture, but also an important media to show the Huizhou culture.