摘要
EB病毒是一种感染最广泛的人类γ疱疹病毒,与传染性单核细胞增多症、鼻咽癌、Hodgkin’s淋巴瘤以及Burkitt淋巴瘤等发生密切相关。预防和治疗EB病毒相关疾病一直是研究的热点,预防性疫苗主要以病毒包膜糖蛋白gp350为靶点,刺激机体产生抗体以阻止病毒感染;已有多种疫苗进入临床试验,用于预防传染性单核细胞增多症和器官移植后淋巴增殖性紊乱等疾病,并取得良好的试验结果。治疗性疫苗则以病毒复制感染过程中表达的病毒核抗原(EBNAs)和潜伏膜蛋白(LMP1和LMP2)为免疫治疗靶点,刺激机体产生特异性细胞免疫应答,增强细胞毒性T细胞杀伤肿瘤作用。国内外均已有疫苗进入针对鼻咽癌等肿瘤免疫治疗的临床试验,试验结果表明疫苗兼具良好的安全性和免疫原性。本文还综述EB病毒疫苗研究的最新方法、策略和成果,并探讨其中可借鉴的技术和思路,为EB病毒疫苗的研究提供潜在可行的新途径。
Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） is a human gamma herpes virus, infecting the most widespread of humans that has been linked to various lymphoid and epithelial cell malignancies, such as infectious mononucleosis （IM）, nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）, Hodgkin＇s lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Prevention and treatment of diseases related to EBV has been a hot research topic. The viral envelope glycoprotein gp350 that elicits neutralizing antibodies to prevent virus infection is a major target for preventive vaccine development. The clinical trials have demonstrated that IM and posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders （PTLD） could be effectively prevented by the vaccines. EBV nuclear antigens （EBNAs）, latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 （LMP1 and LMP2） are immunotherapy targets that induce specific cellular immune response, enhance specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and confer antitumor immunity. Immunotherapy vaccine trials for NPC have been performed in China and abroad and the results demonstrated that the vaccines have good safety and immunogenicity. In this paper, the newest merits of vaccines for EBV were summarized and the strategies and challenges for future EBV vaccine research and development were also discussed.
出处
《现代生物医学进展》
CAS
2015年第3期543-546,共4页
Progress in Modern Biomedicine
基金
深圳市知识创新计划基础研究项目(SY39410)
