粪类圆线虫及粪类圆线虫病研究概况

Strongyloides stercoralis and strongyloidiasis

粪类圆线虫是一种机会性致病寄生线虫,幼虫可侵入肺、脑、肝、肾等组织器官引起粪类圆线虫病。随着居民生活水平的提高、生活方式的改变、饲养宠物的家庭日益增多,导致粪类圆线虫病的感染机会增加。迄今为止国内有关粪类圆线虫病的研究多局限在病例报告和流行病学调查,而其生物学特性、免疫现象及免疫保护等方面的研究涉及甚少。本文对粪类圆线虫的形态学、生活史、致病性、流行病学、免疫学、实验诊断及防治进行了综述。

Strongyloides stercoralis is an opportunistic parasitic nematode, whose larvae can invade the lung, brain, liv- er, kidney and other organs of hosts and cause strongyloidiasis. The infection opportunity of strongyloidiasis increased with raised living standard, changed lifestyle and family pets. So far, the relevant domestic researches of strongyloidiasis are limited in case reports and epidemiological investigation, but researches involving biological characteristics, immune phenomenon and protective immune response in humans are still very little. Based on the references, this review summarizes recent findings in morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, epidemiology, immunology, diagnosis and prevention of S. stercoralis for raising the awareness of strongyloidiasis.