空间电子辐射风险及其防护策略研究进展

Research Progress of Space Electrons Radiation Risk and Its Protection Strategy

在外辐射带运行的卫星受到空间天气变化的影响较大,如何保障这些卫星长期健康运行是工程部门面临的最大挑战。本文首先分析了空间外辐射带电子动态分布规律以及空间电子辐射对原材料和元器件可能造成的辐射风险,回顾了目前国内外常用的空间电子防护技术与防护策略。在此基础上提出卫星电子辐射风险管理是一个系统工程:发射前,利用空间辐射环境模型和效应进行风险预估,指导卫星和有效载荷的抗辐射工程设计;在轨飞行中,实时监测空间辐射环境和有效载荷辐射效应数据,为地面飞行控制决策系统提供依据,采取合适的防护措施保障在轨卫星的安全;飞行任务后,通过对任务期间数据的积累与分析,完善模型与工程设计参数,形成一个封闭、有效运行的系统。

The satellites operating in the outer radiation belt are greatly impacted by the changes of space weather,thus how to maintain their long-term health in orbit is the biggest challenge for the engineering department. First,the dynamic distribution of electrons in outer radiation belt and the space electron radiation risk to materials and components were analyzed in this paper. The commonly used protection methods and strategies for space high energetic electrons were reviewed. It was proposed that satellite electron radiation risk management was a systematic project. Before launch,the radiation risk should be predicted using the space radiation models and effects models,which can guide the anti-radiation engineering design of the satellite and the payload. In orbit,space environment and payload effective data should be monitored in real time,which can supply the base data for ground flight control decision-making system and thus help to take protective measures to guarantee the safety of satellite. After flight mission,data should be analyzed and accumulated,which can perfect the model and optimize engineering design parameters to form a closed system effectively.