上海市广州管圆线虫中间宿主螺类分布及感染现状抽样调查

Investigation on the Species Distribution and Infection Status of Host Snails of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Shanghai

目的调查上海市广州管圆线虫中间宿主螺类的种类、分布和感染现状。方法于2012年8月-2014年10月,在上海市嘉定、青浦、普陀、宝山、杨浦、闵行、松江、金山、崇明和浦东新区等10个区县现场开展了广州管圆线虫中间宿主螺类的调查。采用肺检法和匀浆法剖检采集的螺类,计算感染率。结果共采集螺类标本1 074只,经形态学鉴定,隶属于8科10种,其中小管福寿螺133只、褐云玛瑙螺25只、中国圆田螺183只、铜锈环棱螺78只、尖膀胱螺349只、椭圆萝卜螺224只、同型巴蜗牛45只、中华灰巴蜗牛32只、黄蛞蝓2只和双线嗜黏液蛞蝓3只。其中褐云玛瑙螺为市场销售,野外未见分布;而小管福寿螺在青浦区金泽镇发现野外自然种群。病原学检测未发现感染广州管圆线虫的螺类。结论上海地区未发现广州管圆线虫感染螺类,但对小管福寿螺应加强相应的监测工作。

Objective To investigate the species distribution and infection status of host snails of Angiostongylus cantonensis in Shanghai. Methods From August 2012 to October 2014， 10 districts or counties were selected for this investigation in Shanghai， including Jiading， Qingpu， Putuo， Baoshan， Yangpu， Minhang， Songjiang， Jinshan， Chongming， and Pudong. All of the snails were examined by lung-microscopy and tissue homogenate methods. Results Totally 1 074 snail samples were identified， belonging to 8 families， 10 species， including Pomacea canaliculata（133）， Achatina fulica（25）， Cipangopaludina chinensis（183）， Bellamya aeruginosa（78）， Physa acuta（349）， Radix swinhoei（224）， Bradybaena similaris（45）， B. ravida sieboldiana（32）， Limax flavus（2）， and Philomycus bilineatus（3）. A. fulica was sold in market， and was not found in the field. The natural population of P. canaliculata was found in the field in Jinze Town of Qingpu District. A. cantonensis larvae were not detected. Conclusion No snails were found to be infected with A. cantonensis in Shanghai. Attention needs to be paid to the monitoring of P. canaliculata.