胆总管巨大结石的内镜治疗

Endoscopic management of large common bile duct stones

随着近年来内镜技术的发展,治疗性经内镜逆行胰胆管造影已经取代外科手术,成为胆总管结石的首选治疗方式。内镜下乳头肌切开术和乳头球囊扩张术都已成为标准的取石术式。然而,部分胆总管巨大结石的内镜下取石术,对内镜学者来说仍然是很大的挑战。近年问世的一些新兴内镜技术,比如内镜下十二指肠乳头大球囊扩张术、胆道镜引导下的激光碎石或液电碎石术,已经被证实为安全、有效的胆管巨大结石的内镜治疗方式。评述了近年来胆总管巨大结石的内镜治疗的新技术。

With the development of endoscopic techniques in recent years,therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has replaced surgery as the first approach to the extraction of common bile duct stones.Endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary bal-loon dilation have become established endoscopic techniques for stone removal.However,it remains a challenge for endoscopists to remove large common bile duct stones.Emerging endoscopic modalities,such as endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation and cholangioscopy-guided laser or electrohydraulic lithotripsy,have been shown to be safe and effective for management of large common bile duct stones.This paper reviews recent advances in the endoscopic management of large common bile duct stones.