家庭访视护理对社区老年高血压患者服药遵从行为及家庭功能的影响研究

Effect of Home Visiting on Medication Adherence Behaviors and Family Function in Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Communities

目的探讨家庭访视护理对社区老年高血压患者服药遵从行为及家庭功能的干预效果。方法选取2012年6月—2013年2月在宁夏银川市永丰、高台寺2个社区卫生服务站前60位建立健康档案且符合纳入标准的老年高血压患者,根据所在社区分为干预组和对照组。对照组采用社区高血压疾病常规管理;干预组在此基础上采取以提高社区老年高血压患者服药遵从行为的家庭访视护理。干预6个月后比较两组患者服药遵从行为及家庭功能情况。结果本研究实际完成全过程干预患者为112例,干预组58例,对照组54例。干预前,两组服药遵从行为得分、家庭功能及其各维度得分间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而干预后,干预组社区老年高血压患者服药遵从行为得分、家庭功能总分及适应度、合作度、成长度以及亲密度得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对社区老年高血压患者实施以提高其服药遵从行为的家庭访视护理,可明显提高社区老年高血压患者服药遵从行为并改善患者的家庭功能。

ObjeCtive To explore the influence of home visiting on medication adherence behaviors and family function in elderly patients with hypertension in communities. Methods The elderly patients with hypertension were recruited from two community health service stations：Yongfeng and Gaotaisi in Yinchuan city who were in the management files and in accordance with the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into experimental group（n = 60）and control group（n = 60）according to their geographic setting. The control group received routine community disease management,while the patients in the experimental group received various home visiting cares for the purpose of improving medication adherence behaviors of the patients. The patientsˊ medication adherence behaviors and family function were measured and compared six months after intervention. Results Totaly,112 patients including 58 in experimental group and 54 in control group finished the intervention. Before intervention,the scores of medication adherence behaviors,family function as well as each of its dimensions were not statistically significant（p 〉0. 05）,but after intervention,the medication adherence behaviors scores,family functions total scores and scores of adaptation, partnership,growth and intimacy in the experimental group were all significantly higher than those in the control group（ p 〈0. 05）. ConClusion Home visiting for the purpose of improving medication adherence behaviors of elderly hypertensive patients in communities can remarkably improve medication adherence behaviors of the patients as well as their family functions.