扎龙湿地周边地区近50年干湿特征分析

Analysis of Arid and Humid Characteristic in Zhalong Wetland in Recent 50 Years

应用扎龙湿地周边5个测站1961-2010年逐日气温、降水资料,分析了扎龙湿地的干湿变化特征。结果表明,扎龙湿地年平均气温为3.9℃,平均气温突变年份为1986年,20世纪80年代以后气温显著升高,近50年升温速率0.42℃/10a,年平均气温存在2-8、10-30年的周期变化;扎龙湿地年平均降水量为412.3 mm,富裕站的降水存在减少趋势,其他4站的降水有增加趋势,年降水量变化存在3个转折点,分别位于1966、1982和1998年,扎龙湿地周边地区降水量存在2-8、10和20-30年的周期变化;干燥指数存在增大（变干）趋势,其中林甸站干湿变化最为平稳,泰来站干湿变化最为剧烈。

Based on daily temperature and precipitation data of meteorological observation station surround Zhalong wetland,the characteristic of arid and humid conditions was analyzed. The annual mean temperature surround Zhalong wetland is 3. 9 ℃. The abrupt change of mean temperature occurred in 1986. After the 80＇s temperature rises more significantly. The temperature increased 0. 42℃ every 10 years in recent50 years. There were annual mean temperature period of 2-8 years and 10-30 years in the area. The annual mean precipitation was 412. 3mm in Zhalong wetland. The precipitation was decreasing in Fuyu station and that in other four stations were ascending. Annual precipitation had three sudden changes,respectively in 1966,1982 and 1998. There were precipitation period of 2-8 years,10 years and 20-30 years surround Zhalong wetland. The aridity index shows an ascendant trend. The arid and humid change is the most stable in Lindian,and the most severe in Tailai.