抗击埃博拉疫情一线医务人员心理健康水平与特质应对方式的相关性分析

Correlation of mental health level and trait coping styles in the frontline medical staff fighting for Ebola virus

目的：调查在塞拉利昂执行抗击埃博拉疫情的医务人员的心理健康水平与特质应对方式情况，并分析两者关系。方法于2014年10月在塞拉利昂中塞友谊医院，选择中国和塞拉利昂医务人员共44名，用自制一般资料问卷、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（ HAMA）及特质应对方式问卷（ TCSQ）进行心理健康水平和应对方式调查。结果抗击埃博拉一线医务人员的HAMA得分为（19．45±12．46）分，其中有焦虑症状者占81．82％（36／44）。其应对方式中积极应对方式（ PC）得分为（32．03±7．26）分，消极应对方式（NC）得分为（25．02±3．67）分，与全国常模TCSQ评分比较，积极应对方式差异无统计学意义（t＝1．328，P＞0．05），消极应对方式差异有统计学意义（t＝3．360，P＜0．05）。抗击埃博拉一线医务人员的HAMA得分与NC呈正相关（r＝0．532，P＜0．05），与PC呈负相关（r＝－0．493，P＜0．05）。结论参加抗击埃博拉疫情的医务人员存在不同程度的心理健康问题，尤其具有消极应对倾向者为甚。一线医务人员应进行系统的相关培训和心理干预，以提高心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the stress levels and trait coping style of health-care workers in Sierra Leonean fighting for Ebola virus .Methods Plugged in Sierra Leone friendship hospital in October 2014, 44 medical staff in the frontline were selected to join the research . A self-designed general information questionnaire , the Hamilton Anxiety Scale （ HAMA） and the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （ TCSQ） were used to investigate .Results The he score of HAMA of the health-care workers in Sierra Leonean fighting for Ebola virus was （19.45 ±12.46）, within which 81.82%（36/44） had anxiety symptoms.The score of positive coping style （PC） and negative coping style （NC） were （32.03 ±7.26） and （25.02 ±3.67）, respectively.Compared with the national norm of TCSQ, there was no significant difference in PC （t=1.328,P＆gt;0.05）, but there was significant difference in NC （t=3.360,P＆lt;0.05）.HAMA score was positively related with NC （r=0.532, P＆lt;0.05）, and negatively correlated with PC （r =-0.493,P ＆lt;0.05）.Conclusions The medical staff fighting against Ebola outbreak existed different degrees of mental health problems , especially in negative response tendencies .Systematic training and psychological intervention are need for the frontline medical staff , in order to improve the level of mental health .