网购快件丢失毁损时消费者权利救济途径

The Way of Right Relief in the Lost or Damage of Online Shopping Express

近年来,随着我国快递与网购的迅猛发展,网购快递中的消费者权利纷争不断增多。从司法实践看,最终酿成诉讼的纠纷主要是针对快件丢失毁损问题的索赔案件。因网购快递同时涉及卖方与买方之间的买卖合同关系以及商家与快递企业之间的快递服务合同关系,导致其纠纷的解决具有一定的复杂性,而其中首要的问题就是消费者权利救济途径的确定。网购快件丢失毁损时,消费者权利救济的途径并不是唯一的。快递服务合同属于利益第三人合同,消费者有权基于其利益第三人地位,直接请求快递企业承担违约责任。出于对快递限赔风险的规避,消费者亦有权基于自己与商家之间的网购买卖合同,选择要求由商家来承担违约责任或者风险责任,但是需要注意规范援用的正确性。在交易平台不能提供商家真实身份的情况下,消费者还有权要求平台提供者对自己承担侵权责任,该责任的性质为无过错责任。

In recent years,with the rapid development of express and online shopping in China,there are increasingly more disputes on online shopping express. From the perspective of juridical practice,most of the related lawsuits are caused by claim for compensation of the lost or damage of online shopping express. Because online shopping express relates not only the contract relation between buyers and sellers,but also the contract relation between sellers and express enterprises,the solution of this kind of lawsuits is very complex. The first problem in this is the way of right relief. Right relief for the lost or damage of online shopping express is not unique. Express related service contract belongs to the contract of the third party＆#39;s interests;consumers have the right to ask the express enterprises to shoulder the responsibility. To avoid the risk of limited compensation,the consumers also have the right to choose if ask the sellers to shoulder the responsibility of default or risk. If the transaction platform cannot provide the real identity of sellers,the consumers also have the right to ask the provider of platform to should their responsibilities;and the nature of these responsibilities is no-fault liabilities.