内蒙古矿产资源开发的生态补偿研究

Research on Ecological Compensation of Mineral Resources Development in Inner Mongolia

矿产资源是地区经济发展的重要保障,良好的生态环境是人类生存基础,然而不合理的矿产资源开发方式对生态环境的破坏严重,探求一条在合理利用矿产资源条件下,对生态环境破坏程度达到最小的发展路径是我国经济社会发展不能逾越的问题。本文以时间为线索,对我国30年来矿产资源开发的生态补偿理论与实践进行了梳理与总结,并以此为理论基础,以内蒙古地区矿产资源开发过程中产生的生态环境问题及其生态补偿的实践为研究对象,建立起矿产资源开发影响结果与生态补偿实践之间的映射关系,找出矿产资源开发的生态补偿存在的问题,寻求出内蒙古地区矿产资源开发和生态环境保护和谐点,提出对策建议,来减轻矿产资源开发过程中对生态环境的损害,从而促进作为资源型大省的内蒙古地区经济可持续发展,并希望这种尝试对我国矿产资源开发的生态补偿产生积极意义。

Mineral resources is an important guarantee for regional economic development. Good ecological environment is the foundation of human existence;however, improper exploitation of mineral resources would lead to serious destruction of ecological environment. Therefore, it is essential to resolve the contradiction between mineral resource exploitation and ecological environment protection and make good use of mineral resources at the same time. Based on the conclusion of 30 years theoretical research and practice of ecological compensation for mineral resources development, this paper discusses the ecological environment problems and ecological compensation which result from the operation of mineral exploitation in Inner Mongolia, sets up a mapping relationship between impacts of mineral development and the practice of ecological compensation to find out the problems, and points out the bal- ance point between mineral exploitation in Inner Mongolia and ecological environment protection to reduce the dam- age caused by mineral exploring in order to promote sustainable development of Inner Mongolia as a province with huge resources. It is expected that what has been discussed in this paper could have a positive effect on ecological compensation of mineral exploitation in China.