扬弃与超越:论王弼《周易》学

Sublation and Transcendence:Wang Bi's Scholarship on the Zhou Changes

王弼易学虽属于义理一派,但也并非"尽黜象数,说以老庄"。不离象数,向道回归,有阐释义理的鲜明学术蕲向,是王弼所建构的解释学原则;不废章句,以传解经,注重疑难词义的训释,将章句之学阐释经义的方法升华到义理抽象的层面,是王弼所建构的解释学方法;不离卦爻,综合考察卦爻形式与内容的动态变化,追寻因时适变,是王弼易学哲学思辨的核心;援老释易,从具体现象出发,探究宇宙本体,是王弼易学本体哲学的特点。

Though Wang Bi＇s （226-249） scholarship on the Changes was attributed to the meanings and principles （yili 义理） school, it was not the ease that he had ＂thoroughly removed the images and numbers and merely depended upon Daoism.＂ Not completely leaving images and numbers, his approach to the Changes manifests his tendency, philosophically, of retur- ning to Dao （Way） and a clear inclination, academically, toward meanings and principles. His hermeneutical principle and approach rested upon his use of the Yi zhuan （Commentaries on the Changes, i.e., the Ten Wings） to give evidence about the basic text, in the course of which he paid attention to the explanation of difficult characters, and sublimated the sentence by sentence interpretation to an abstract level of meanings and principles. Not abandoning the situations of the hexagrams and lines, the core of his philosophical speculation lies in his comprehensive survey of dynamic transformations of the forms and contents of the hexagrams and lines, and his pursuit of the culturally evolutionary idea reflected in advocating adaptation to timeliness. Adopting Daoism into his exegesis of the Changes, the philosophical feature of his Zhou yi zhu （Commentary on the Zhou Changes） dwells in his departing from concrete phenomena to probe into the noumena of the cosmos. And departing from the concept of the Dao （Way） of heaven, the intellectual feature of his Zhou yi zhu is its aim to explore life realistically.