据战国楚简释马王堆帛书《式法》中的两个字

The Decoding of Two Characters in Mawangdui Silk Manuscript of Shifa According to the Documents on the Unearthed Warring States Period Chu Bamboo Slips

马王堆帛书《式法》中夹杂着大量楚文字成分,考释难度较大,文字释读一直是研究的重点之一。《式法》中的"晦"、"民"二字,研究者误释作"(黑白)"和"耳",遂致二字所在前后帛文无法读通。根据《式法》抄本杂糅秦楚文字的书写特点,通过对比战国楚简和秦至汉初简帛文字中的相关字形发现,"(黑白)"、"耳"二字实当改释作"晦"和"民"。二字所在帛文"晦不可以北徙"、"民痺病嚣死"可以分别在同批帛书《阴阳五行乙篇》和孔家坡汉简《日书》中找到相似的记载。

The Mawangdui silk manuscript of Shifa 式法 was mixed with a large number of characters from Chu, which brought difficulties in the decoding of the characters. The decoding of characters always plays an important role in this kind of research. The two characters of ＂晦＂ （hui） and ＂民＂ （min） had been mistaken for ＂[黑臼]＂ and ＂耳＂ （er） before, which led to difficulty in thoroughly understanding the sentences containing these characters. Based on the feature of the Shifa manuscript of mixing Qin and Chu characters, and through comparing these two characters with the related characters on the bamboo slips unearthed from Chu from the Warring State period （475-221 BCE） to the early Han （206 BCE-9 CE）, it can be seen that the two characters of ＂[黑臼]＂ and ＂耳＂ should be read as ＂晦＂ （hui） and ＂民＂ （min）, as they can also be found in the related Mawangdui silk manuscript and the Day Book on Han bamboo slips from Kongjiapo.