创业带动就业:新建企业的就业效应分析

Business Startups Driving Employment:The Effect of New Firms' Formation on Employment

文章基于1996-2012年省级面板数据，分析了区域劳动力市场中新建企业对就业增长的岗位创造效应、挤出效应和供给方效应，以及创业对就业的影响模式和特点。研究发现，在区域劳动力市场中，创业可以带动就业，但创业对就业增长的影响存在时间上的波动与滞后。创业对就业的影响是短期正向的岗位创造效应、中期负向的挤出效应和长期正向的供给方效应共同作用的结果。与OECD国家相比，中国区域劳动力市场新建企业的挤出效应存在的时间更长，供给方效应出现的时间更晚。

Using provincial panel data from 1996 to 2012,this paper examines the impact of Chinese new firms on employment by analyzing its job creation effect,crowding-out effect and suppler effect in the regional labour market and formulating its model and characteristics.It finds that time lags involved in the effect of new firm formation on regional employment,and the overall employment impact of start-ups is positive.The influences of start-ups to employment are comprehensive results of three effects:the short-term effect is positively creating jobs;the medium-term effect is negative crowding-out;the long-term effect is positive suppler.Comparing with OECD countries,the crowding-out effect sustains longer and suppler effect appears later in China's regional labour market.