苏云金芽孢杆菌制剂对双孢蘑菇栽培房眼蕈蚊的控制作用

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis Microbial Agents in Controlling Sciarid Fly Infestation in Agaricus bisporus Cultivation Rooms

以黄板诱集蕈蚊虫口为指标,小区试验比较了苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种(Bacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis,Bti)制剂和苏云金芽孢杆菌苏云金亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis sub.thuringiensis HB-2,Btt)制剂的两种使用剂量在双孢蘑菇栽培过程中对眼蕈蚊的控制效果,在此基础上选用Bti制剂以10g/m2的剂量用于A、B两种菇房中,生产结果显示Bti制剂对控制眼蕈蚊数量有很好的效果,两种菇房在种群高峰期的虫口减退率分别达到74.3%和98.6%,增产率达96.7%和132.5%。

Two commercially available microbial agents,prepared from Bacillus thuringiensis var.israelensisnbsp;（Bti）and Bacillus thuringiensis sub thuringiensis HB-2 （Btt ）respectively,were evaluated for sciarid fly infestation control in Agaricus bisporus cultivation rooms.Using adhesive yellow boards to trap affected insects,both microbial agents were shown to be effective in controlling sciarid fly populations in small-scale experiments carried out in plastic baskets （60×40×25 cm）containing 20 cm mushroom compost and Bti/Btt-treated casings （3-4 cm thick）.Casing treated with Bti （10 g/m^2;6 × 10^7 ITU/mg）was also applied to 300 m^2 and 580 m^2 mushroom cultivation beds located in a traditional cultivation room （Room A）with natural ventilation and maintained at 18-22 ℃,and a modern cultivation facility （Room B）equipped with control systems for temperature （18-22 ℃）,humidity （85%-95%）,and filtered air ventilation,respectively. Significant reductions in the peak sciarid fly populations （74.3% and 98.6% in Rooms A and B, respectively）were observed after 21 days,and marked increases in mushroom yields from three consecutive flushes （96.7% and 132.5% in Rooms A and B,respectively）were recorded after -100 days cultivation.