摘要
对陕西省西安市污灌区农田土壤、小麦和蔬菜等农作物样品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量进行了测定。结果表明,研究区土壤Cd、Pb平均值高于西安市和陕西省土壤背景值,Cu、Zn平均值高于陕西省土壤背景值。相关性分析结果显示,土壤Cd和Pb呈显著正相关关系,Zn与Cr、Cu分别呈显著和极显著正相关关系。结合主成分分析可知,土壤Cd和Pb主要受人为因素影响,Cr、Cu、Zn主要受成土母质影响。潜在生态危害指数法和内梅罗污染指数法的结果均表明污灌区农田土壤Cd已达到最强污染级别。污灌区小麦样品中Cr、Pb超标率分别到达70.00%和80.00%,茄果类蔬菜Cd、Cr和Pb超标率分别为66.67%、100%和66.67%,花菜类和叶菜类中Cd、Cr和Pb超标率均为100%。建议污灌区尽量避免种植重金属转移系数高的花菜类和叶菜类蔬菜,并对含Cd污水经过严格处理后再用于灌溉。
The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn in soil, wheat and vegetable samples from sewage irrigated farmland in Xi' an, Shaanxi Province, were determined. Results indicated that average contents of Cd and Pb in the research area were higher than soil background values in Xi' an and Shaanxi Province, respectively, and the average contents of Cu and Zn were higher than soil background values in Shaanxi Province, respectively. Significantly positive correlation was found between Cd and Pb in soils, while highly significant positive correlation was found among Cr, Cu and Zn, respectively. The principal component analysis showed Cd and Pb in soils were associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Cr, Cu and Zn were predominantly controlled by parent material. The quality of soils were evaluated with potential ecological risk index and Nemerow pollution index, however, both of the results showed that Cd was the major pollution element in soil. In the study areas, exceeding rates of Cr and Pb in wheat samples were up to 70.00% and 80.00% , respectively; exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in fruit vegetable samples were 66.67% ,100% and 66.67% , respectively; and exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in flower and leaf vegetables samples were 100%. Therefore, it was suggested that farmers should avoid cultivating high transfer factor plants, such as flower and leaf vegetables, meanwhile, sewage with Cd must be purified strictly before irrigation.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期148-154,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
公益性行业(农业)专项资金资助项目(201203045)