沼渣制备有机-无机颗粒肥物料的造粒工艺特性研究

Characteristics of Granulation Technology of Organic-inorganic Granular-fertilizers by Biohythane Residue

以生物氢烷工程秸秆沼渣为原料,研究了制备有机-无机颗粒肥物料的造粒工艺特性。为了改善生物氢烷工程秸秆的沼渣理化特性和降低造粒成本,采用膨润土和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)这两种粘结剂,按照有机质和营养成分含量设计制定4组18个配方进行造粒试验,通过试样粒径、抗压强度、有机质与总养分含量、崩解率、吸水率、保水率和膨胀率的比较,优化成球工艺和配方。结果表明,生物氢烷工程沼渣颗粒肥的粒径和抗压强度分布范围分别为(3.16±0.15)^(4.39±0.36)mm,(6.82±0.59)^(42.95±4.78)N。采用膨润土-PAM复合粘结剂的T3组,有机质质量分数可达28.86%以上,总养分质量分数可达15.40%以上,满足国家有机-无机复混肥的Ⅰ型要求,其中保水性能最好的是T32,吸水率达到128%,保水率为50%,膨胀率为10.02%。

Taken biohythane residue of straw as materials, the granulation technology and fertilizer characterization of organic-inorganic granular-fertilizers were studied. The straw residue contained abundant materials such as lignin and cellulose, as well as poor viscosity. It needs to be added to the binder to increase the rate of grain of granular-fertilizers, instead of to be produced directly. While bentonite processed a wide source, low cost, excellent viscosity and expansibility, which could be used as a good soil conditioner. Besides, polyacrylamide （PAM） was a high viscosity water-soluble polymer, which could be used widely. In order to improve the physicochemical property of biohythane residue and reduce the cost of granular-fertilizer, these two binders were used to develop the granular experiment under the content of organic and nutrient for 18 formulas, which belonged to four groups. Though the comparisons of particle size, compressive strength, content of organic and total nutrient, pipe particles, water absorption, water retention and expansion, the technology and formula was optimized. The results showed that the range of particle size and compressive strength of biohythane residue respectively were （3.16 ±0.15） - （4.39±0.36）mm, and（6.82±0.59） - （42.95 ±4.78）N. Using the bentonite-PAM composite binder, T3 group, of which the content of organic and total nutrient could respectively reach up to 28.86% and 15.40% , can meet the requirement of national organic-inorganic fertilizer type I. T32 showed the best capacity of water retention among T3 group, and the water absorption, water retention, expansion rate achieved to 128% , 50% and 10.02% , respectively.