政治关系、制度环境与中国企业出口行为

Political Connection,Institutional Environment and Export Behaviors of Chinese Enterprises

制度环境已经成为影响企业出口的重要因素,而在当前正式制度尚不完善的经济转轨期,政治关系作为一种非正式制度同样发挥着重要的作用。基于世界银行的投资环境调查数据,研究了政治关系、制度环境与企业出口行为之间的关系。研究结果表明,政治关系与制度环境均正向影响了企业出口的扩展边际与集约边际,而且两者之间存在着显著的替代关系。政治关系与制度环境对非国有控股企业出口的扩展边际与集约边际均存在显著的正向作用,但仅对国有控股企业出口的扩展边际以及外资控股企业出口的集约边际存在显著的促进作用。

Institutional environment has become an important factor which influences the behaviors of the export enterprises. However, during the period of economic transition with present imperfect formal institutions, political connection as an informal institution is also playing an important role. Based on the data of investment climate survey from World Bank, this paper analyzes the relationships between political connection, institutional environment and corporate export behaviors. The resuits show that both political connection and institutional environment can positively impact the ＂extensive margin＂ and ＂intensive margin＂ of the export enterprises, and there exists a significant alternative relationship between the two. Political connection and institutional environment have a significant positive effect on the extensive margins and intensive margins of exports of non-state-owned holding companies, while they have a significant positive effect only on the extensive margin of the export behaviors of state holding enterprises and on the intensive margin of the export behaviors of foreign-controlled enterprises.