扎龙保护区丹顶鹤栖息地适宜性评价

Habitat Suitability Evaluation of Red-Crowned Crane in Zhalong National Nature Reserve

结合TM影像和ENVISAT ASAR(HH/HV)数据,以扎龙保护区丹顶鹤栖息地为研究对象,在分布式定量提取评价因子(植被类型、生境结构、巢下水深、植被盖度、人为干扰)的基础上,建立HSI模型对丹顶鹤栖息地质量进行评价,并根据实测巢址空间分布情况对评价结果进行验证。结果表明:基于主观专家知识建立的HSI模型得到丹顶鹤高适宜栖息地面积为48km2,适宜栖息地面积为265km2,低适宜栖息地面积为385km2,不适宜栖息地面积为1 403km2,结合实测数据验证,得出高适宜、适宜和低适宜栖息地巢址共占实测巢址的92.86%,不适宜栖息地巢址占7.14%。经检验HSI模型对淡水沼泽湿地典型水禽栖息地的质量评价有良好的适用性。

It is of great significance for the protection of the red-crowned crane to evaluate habitat suitability. Combined the TM image and ENVISAT ASAR data, five evaluation factors （vegetation types, vegetation fraction, water depth under the nest, hu- man disturbance and spatial composite features of habitat structure） are applied to conduct distributed quantitative inversion based on the research object of re-crowned crane habitats in Zhalong National Nature Reserve. The HSI model was established to evaluate re-crowned crane habitat quality, and the evaluation results were verified according to the location of actual nest space distribution. The results show that the area of most suitable habitat of the red-crowned crane is 48 km2 based on the HSI model which was established by subjective expert knowledge. The area of the suitable habitats is 265 km2 , the area of the less suitable habitats is 385 km2 , and the area of the unsuitable habitats is 1 403 km2. Combined with the measured data validation, the result shows that most suitable habitat, suitable habitat and low suitable habitat account for 92.86% in the measured nests, unsuitable habitat accounts for 7.14%. The HSI model established in the research has a good applicability for evaluating quality of the typical freshwater marsh wetland waterfowl habitat through testing, and provides important guiding significance for re- serve management and construction.