热带季节雨林和次生林水源涵养服务价值变化过程研究

Intra-annual Change of Water Conservation Value of Tropical Seasonal Rain Forest and Secondary Forest

为了掌握西双版纳热带季节雨林和次生林水源涵养服务价值的变化规律,基于西双版纳生态台站的定位观测数据,对比分析了两种林型水源涵养服务的构成及年内价值变化过程。结果表明,两种林型的水源涵养总量接近,分别为74 158m3/hm2和70 654m3/hm2,水调节量为主,占90%以上。热带季节雨林的水供给价值高于水调节价值,热带次生林的水调节价值和水供给价值大致相等,综合分析,热带季节雨林的年水源涵养服务价值(4 531元/hm2)比次生林(2 732元/hm2)高66%。两种林型的水源涵养服务变化过程相似:主要受水供给变化过程的影响,水源涵养服务变化曲线呈单峰态,月变异程度较大;热带季节雨林和次生林在雨季(5-10月)的水源涵养量分别占全年总量的54%和57%,水源涵养价值均占全年总价值的65%左右。

The study analyzed change of water conservation and its value of tropical seasonal rain forest and secondary forest in Xishuangbanna based on data from CERN （Chinese Ecosystem Research Net） to help us to master the evolution rule of water conservation of those two forests. Water conservation service of forest was classified into water regulation and water supply from the perspectives of water conservation mechanism of forest as well as human need. The results showed that the water con- served by tropical seasonal rain forest and tropical secondary forest is all most the same. The water regulation made up more than 90% of the total water conserved by the two forests. Nevertheless, the water conservation value of tropical seasonal rain forest （being 4 531 yuan/hm2） is 66% higher than that of tropical secondary forest（being 2 732 yuan/hm2）. The difference of the water conservation value was because of the distinction of water supply of the two forests. In the total water conservation value of tropical seasonal rain forest, the water supply value was the most,accounting for 69%. In the total water conservation value of tropical secondary forest, the water supply value and water regulation value was all the same, accounting for 50%, re- spectively. The water conservation value of the two kinds of forest changed month by month, and its change was mainly deter- mined by the change of water supply service. The water conservation value of rainy season （from May to October） was higher than that of dry season （from November to April in the next year）. And the water conservation value of rainy season accounted for 65% in the total value of the year. All the monthly water regulation value,water supply value and water conservation value of tropical seasonal forest and secondary forest had obvious linear relationship with monthly precipitation.