上海市全民控盐干预效果评价——大样本人群特征分析

Evaluation on a Mass Campaign for Salt Control in Shanghai: Characteristics of a Large Population-based Sample

通过对大样本抽样人群的人口学特征结构分析,介绍上海市全民控盐干预效果评价项目的样本特征。结果显示,本次调查2 960户家庭、6 886人,剔除不合格问卷,最终分析2 941户家庭、6 748人。其中,中心城区1 190户(40.46%),2 665人(39.49%);城乡结合部872户(29.65%),2 005人(29.71%);郊区879户(29.89%),2 078人(30.80%)。样本人群男女性别比为0.91;年龄为(45.34±14.31)岁,受教育年限(10.07±3.83)年,上海生活年限(41.84±17.04)年,离退休比例占28.59%。基线调查时有固定掌勺者的家庭2 255户,占总分析户数的76.67%。与一般人群相比,固定掌勺者中女性居多(71.84%),年龄较大(51.79±9.91)岁,受教育年限较短(8.87±3.77)年,离退休比例较高(45.01%)。调查对象中自报高血压患者有1 290人,占所有调查者的19.12%;而固定掌勺者的自报高血压患病率为26.12%。样本人群自报糖尿病患病率为4.37%,而固定掌勺者中自报糖尿病患病率为5.76%。

This manuscript aims to describe the demographic characteristics of a large sampling population from the Shanghai Mass Campaign Project for Salt Control. This intervention project enrolled 2 960 households and 6 886 residents. After unqualified questionnaire sheets were excluded, data from 2 941 households and 6 748 residents were valid and analyzed. Among them, there were 1 190 households （40.46%） and 2 665 persons （39.49%） in urban areas, 872 households （29.65%） and 2 005 persons （29.71%） in urban-rural fringe areas, and 879 households （29.89%） and 2 078 persons （30.80%） in rural areas. The male-to-female ratio was 0.91. The average age of the selected residents was （45.34 ± 14.31） years, the average education was （10.07 ± 3.83） years, the average length of residence in Shanghai was （41.84 ± 17.04） years, and 28.59% were retired. There were fixed cooks in 2 255 households at baseline, accounting for 76.67% of the total households. Compared with the total sampled population, higher percentage of female residents （71.84%）, older average age [（51.79 ± 9.91） years], shorter average education [（8.87 ± 3.77） yeats], and higher percentage of retired residents （45.01%） were identified in the fixed cooks. There were 1 290 cases of self-reported hypertension among the subjects, accounting for 19.12%, and 26.12% of the fixed cooks self-reported hypertension. The residents with self-reported diabetes accounted for 4.37% of the sample and 5.76% of the fixed cooks.