弗雷格“认知价值”困惑问题及其解决

Frege's Puzzle about Identity and The Solution

意义的指称论认为,语言的意义在于它们所指称的客观对象,但指称论仍然面临着各种问题,比如空词项存在问题、弗雷格"认知价值"困惑问题以及保全真值的等值替换问题,等等。关于"同一性"的探讨和意义指称理论息息相关,而基于"同一性替换"原则的弗雷格"认知价值"困惑更是引发了分析哲学家持久而激烈的讨论。对此精致的指称论代表弗雷格区分了指称和涵义,然而弗雷格从未说清涵义是什么,通过在弗雷格的精致指称论基础上提出专名的"一般性涵义"与"语境涵义",摹状词的"一般性用法"与"语境用法",进一步补充和完善了弗雷格的意义理论。

The Referential theory of meaning holds that the meaning of language lies in the reference of the outer object, however ,it gets into sorts of troubles, such as the problem of negative nonexistent, Frege’ s puzzle about identity, the problem of substitutivity and so on. The discussion about identity has close connec-tion with the referential theory of meaning, and the ages have seen the long last hot debate about the Frege’s puzzle about identity among philosophers. With the tough situation, Frege distinguished sense from reference, nevertheless, Frege never make it clear that what the sense really was .This paper proposes the general sense and the contextual sense about singular terms, as well as the general use and context use of description of names following Frege’s special referential theory, so as to supplement and complete his theory of meaning.