平原地区与高原地区健康人椎动脉血流量对比研究

Comparative study of healthy vertebral artery blood flow from plain and plateau region

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声（CDUS）对平原地区及高原地区人群椎动脉血流量进行测量和对比研究,证实高原环境对椎动脉血流有影响.方法 选取平原组病例135例及高原组病例80例,运用CDUS技术测量椎动脉平均流速（TAMV）及内经（D）,根据公式血流量（Q）=D2×π/4×TAMV×60 （ml/min）计算单侧椎动脉血流量,并计算总血流量.测外周血低切、中切、高切、血浆黏度及红细胞数目（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）.结果 高原组椎动脉内径、血黏度、RBC、HGB、HCT均大于平原组,其差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;椎动脉总血流量低于平原组,且男性高于女性,其差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;平原组椎动脉内径左侧均高于右侧,其差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.高原组左右内径差异无统计学学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 长期（＞10年）在高原（海拔＞3 200 m）缺氧环境生活的人群可减低椎动脉平均流速及血流量.

Objective To conduct comparative study of healthy vertebral artery （VA） blood flow of subjects from plain and plateau region using color Doppler ultrasound （CDUS） measurement, and to investigate the influence of plateau on blood flow of VA. Methods One hundred and thirty-five subjects from plain region and eighty from high altitude region were recruited. Time averaged maximum velocity and inradium （D） of VA were measured with CDUS technology. Unilateral VA blood flow and total blood flow were calculated. Peripheral blood viscosity measurement was carried out by testing low cut, mid cut, high cut, plasma viscosity and red blood cell count （RBC）, hemoglobin concentration （HGB）, hematocrit （HCT）. Results VA diameter, blood viscosity, RBC, HGB, and HCT of plateau group are all higher than that of the plain group （P〈0.05）, while the total blood flow was lower than that of plain group and the value of male was higher than that of female （P〈0.05）. The inradiums of right side VA were larger than that of the left side （P〈O.05） in plain group, while no difference was observed in plateau group （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Long term （〉10 years） living in plateau hypoxia （altitude〉3 000 m） environment can reduce the average flow velocity and the blood flow of VA.