杜威教育理论的中国化及其启示

Sinicization of Dewey's Educational Theory and Its Enlightenment

在影响我国教育理论与实践发展的国外教育理论中,杜威教育理论是最具影响的理论之一,其中国化至今已走过近百年的历程,经历了兴起、繁荣、批判与否定和多元发展四个阶段。杜威教育理论之所以能在中国产生持续的长期影响,是多种因素作用的结果。杜威教育理论本身的时代性、实用性、真理性是根本性因素,文化从深层次上影响了其在中国的扎根深度,政治变动影响了其兴衰起伏,杜威的来华及其中国弟子的努力起了重要推动作用。杜威教育理论的中国化经验启示我们,学习和借鉴国外教育理论,既要尊重中国实情,还要张显主体意识,同时又要在借鉴和创新之间保持适度的张力。

Dewey＇ s educational theory is one of the foreign educational theories, which has the most important influence in the development of Chinese modern educational theory and practice. Its sini- cization has gone through almost a hundred year, including the following four development stages：the rise, the prosperity, the criticism and negation, and the pluralistic. The reason why Dewey＇ s educational theory has such a long - term and sustained effects in China, is a result of many factors. And the fundamental factor is the temporal spirit, the practicality, and the truth of itself. In general, our culture influences its rooting depth in China, the political changes affect its ups and downs, and Dewey＇ s visiting to China and the efforts of his Chinese students plays an important role in promoting his theory. The sinicization experience of Dewey＇ s educational theory gives us the following of inspiration. Learning from foreign education theory, We should not only respect the Chinese situation, but also reveal the subject consciousness, while we should maintain a moderate tension between the reference and innovation.