行政层级制的行动逻辑及伦理困境

The action logic of the hierarchical organization and the ethical dilemma

行政层级制作为国内外主要的组织形式,其以自上而下的控制体系、非人格化和专业化为其行动的逻辑,主要目标是实现组织"效率"的最大化。然而,由于自身组织结构的特征,不可避免地产生了行政责任的冲突、信任的困境、效率与个人自由的冲突以及专业化引起的单向度等伦理问题。许多学者认为应当以德行政,然而,我们认为实现组织结构和理念的变革才是摆脱行政层级制伦理困境的根本,应该使组织扁平化、网络化,组织理念由"控制"向"友爱""合作"转变,尽可能地实现岗位轮换,改变员工的"单向度"困境。

Administrative hierarchy is the main organizational form both at home and abroad, whose action logic consists in the top-down control system, impersonality and specialization, and whose main goal is to maximize the efficiency of the organization. However, the characteristics of such organization structure inevitably result in ethical problems including the conflict of administrative responsibility, the plight of trust, the conflict between efficiency and individual freedom, single dimension caused by specialization, and so on. Many scholars propose administration by morality. But we think that the essence lies in realizing organization structure and idea reform. That is to say, we should make the organization flat and networked, transform the idea of organization from control to love and cooperation, and implement job rotation to change the employee’s single-dimension dilemma.