《敦煌氾氏家传》与先周世系

Biography of Dun Huang Family Fan and Pre-Zhou Dynasty

先周世系,尤其是后稷、不窋的父子世系,自司马迁以降,争讼不清。争讼的焦点,围绕《史记》形成"世后稷""夏之衰""失代数"三个中心问题。敦煌遗书S.1889《敦煌氾氏家传》的重见天日,为解决这一争讼提供了极其珍贵的史料。《敦煌氾氏家传》大致为前凉或隋唐初期作品,在时间上比唐代司马贞的《史记索隐》、张守节的《史记正义》都还要早一些,因而更具价值。通过传世文献、敦煌文献考察,认为虽然西周早期可能存在一定的代数阙失,但代数的阙失与后稷、不窋父子世系之间没有必然关系,后稷、不窋之间的父子世系可信性较强,《史记》"后稷卒,子不窋"的说法仍然可靠。

Different opinions were formed about the paternity among Hou Ji and Bu Zhu of Pre-Zhou Dynasty, thefocus of which revolves around the formation of Shi Ji. And the rediscovery of Dun Huang hand-copied book S.1889 ofDun Huang Family Fan has provided the precious historical documents for those arguments. Produced before TangDynasty, Biography enjoys more important value than other historians’ works such as Shi Ji Suo Yin and Shi Ji ZhengYi.The article, based on some research into Dun Hung literature handed down generation after generation of the family,believes that there might have existed decent absence in early Western Zhou Dynasty, but descent absence has nothingto do with Hou Ji and Bu Zhu paternity. Their paternity relationship and the records in Shi Ji are comparativelycreditable.