昆明市2010—2014年某高校大学生艾滋病相关知识行为及影响因素分析

Survey on the Knowledge and Behavior of AIDS and Their Influencing Factors in College Students in Kunming from 2010 to 2014

目的了解昆明市2010—2014年某高校大学生艾滋病相关知识行为情况及其影响因素,为开展大学生艾滋病性健康教育及行为干预提供信息和依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,对昆明市某高校2010—2014年毕业生进行问卷调查,采集大学生静脉血进行HIV、HCV及梅毒抗体检测。结果本研究共调查3 938名大学生,艾滋病知识知晓率为97.6%,单因素及多因素分析发现,男性、近一年未接受过预防艾滋病宣传服务的学生知晓率较低。2010—2014年性行为发生率为10.0%。单因素分析发现,男生、>25岁、来自省外的学生、在婚和2012年大学生性行为发生率更高;多因素分析发现,男性、来自省外的学生更易发生性行为,2011—2014年性行为发生率均高于2010年。首次性行为、近一年固定性行为坚持使用安全套比例为54.6%和47.3%。2010—2014年无HIV抗体阳性者,HCV抗体阳性率为0.05%,梅毒阳性率为0.03%。结论该校大学生艾滋病知识知晓率处于较高水平,但性行为安全套使用率较低,应积极开展性健康教育,推广安全套的使用,同时,开展性健康教育应根据大学生性行为发生的特点来选择人群。

OBJECTIVE To understand knowledge and behavior of AIDS and their influencing factors of students from a college in Kun-ming from 2010 to 2014, and provide information for sexual health education and behavioral intervention among college students.METHODS Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. Graduated students from Kunming were recruited to finish questionnairesand receive serological tests of HIV, HCV, syphilis. RESULTS Of the 3 938 participants, the awareness rate of AIDS/HIV was97.6%. As shown by uinvariate and multivariate analysis,the level of the awareness rate of AIDS/HIV knowledge among male partici-pants and students who did not received AIDS prevention health education in the last year were not good. The proportion of the stu-dents had sex behaviors was 10.0% during 2010 to 2014. As shown by univariate analysis, sexual behavior was associated withmale,age group obeyond 25 years, marital status was married, being from other provinces. The multivariate analysis revealed thatmale participants, being from other provinces were the independent determinant for sexual behavior in college students, and therate of having sexual behavior from 2011 to 2014 were higher than 2010. The proportion of using condoms in the first sexual inter-course and in sex with regular sex partner respectively were 54.6% and 47.3%. The results of serological test showed there was nopositive report of HIV,the positive rate of HCV and syphilis were 0.05% and 0.03% respectively. CONCLUSION The overall levelof the awareness rate of AIDS/HIV knowledge among college students in Kunming was very good,but the rate of condom be used islow. Sexual health education should be developed actively,and promotion of condom use should be strengthened. According the char-acteristics of having sexual behavior, the groups of sexual health education will be chosen.