七种眼科文献中统计方法的应用现状分析

The analysis of usage of statistical methods in seven journals

目的 探讨眼科杂志中常用统计方法的类型、使用频率和常见统计缺陷。方法 阅读2000年《中华眼科杂志》、《中华眼底病杂志》、《眼科研究》、《中国实用眼科杂志》、《眼科新进展》、《临床眼科杂志》和《眼科》7种杂志中所有论著及实验研究论文,计算各种统计方法出现的类型、使用频率和统计缺陷类型。结果7种杂志共发表论著973篇,使用统计方法的文献513篇（52.72％）,未使用统计方法的文献460篇（47.28％）。共涉及统计方法14种,主要为t检验（43.37％）、卡方检验（23.78％）、方差分析（15.59％）和直线相关与回归（8.97％）等。在513篇有统计文献中,出现各种统计缺陷290篇（56.53％）,常见统计缺陷有仅注明统计方法而不标出统计量（56.90％）、不注明使用何种统计方法（36.55％）和统计方法使用不当（6.55％）等。结论 眼科医师应正确使用常用的统计方法,尽量避免统计错误,以提高文献的学术价值。

Objective To investigate the kind,frequency and defect of common statistic methods in ophthalmic journal. Methods The original and experimental papers in Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases,Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology,Journal of Chinese Ophthalmic Research,New Advances in Ophthalmology, Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Journal of Ophthalmology which published in 2000 were reviewed. The kind, frequency and defect of common statistic methods in these papers were evaluated. Results There were 973 papers in seven journals. The papers with statistics methods were 513(52. 72% ) ,the papers without statistics methods were 460(47. 28% ). Fourteen kinds of statistics methods were used,including Student' s t test(43. 37% ) ,Chi-square test(23. 78% ) , ANOVA analysis( 15. 59% ) and lineal correction and regression(8. 97% ) .respectively. Among the 513 papers with statistic methods, there were 290(56.53% ) papers with statistic defects. The main defects were absence of statistic value ( 56, 90% ) or statistic methods ( 36. 55% ) and wrong statistic methods(6. 55% ). Conclusions For improve the scientific values of the academic papers,the ophthalmologists should use the statistic methods correctly and avoid the common mistakes.