收入不平等认可影响机制:社会结构地位与流动性预期

The Influence Mechanism for the Recognition of Income Inequality:Social Structural Status and Mobility Expectation

个体不同的结构地位和流动性预期决定了民众对社会收入不平等不同的认知和判断,实证分析二者对居民认可不平等程度的影响发现:就客观结构地位而言,月收入水平与认可不平等程度存在倒N型关系,受教育年限越长认可的不平等程度越高,党员比普通群众认可更高程度的不平等;就主观流动预期而言,民众对未来社会经济地位的流动预期比社会经济政治地位更显著地影响了个体认可的不平等程度,向上乐观的流动预期能明显提高民众对收入不平等的承受力和容忍度,从而可间接维护社会的稳定。因而应重视建立并完善社会流动机制,以确保程序与机会的公平。

Individuals＇ different social structural status and expectation of social mobility decide their different recognition attitude and judgment to social income inequality. By an empirical analysis of the data of CGSS2006, the paper explores the relationship between social structural status and the expectation of social mobility and individuals＇ recognition of inequality. It finds that the level of personal income and the recognition of inequality are shaped as an inverted N curve ; education plays a strengthening role on individual selfinterest and opportunity justice consciousness, and the longer they receive education, the more they are likely to have a higher level of recognition of inequality ; the party members have a relatively higher level of recognition of inequality than the general public. More importantly, people＇s expectation of social mobility has a more significant impact on people＇s recognition of inequality than their objective social economic political status. Those who have an upward optimistic expectation of social mobility have a relatively higher level of recognition and tolerance of inequality. Therefore, the government should increase lower classes＇ income to realize survival justice, build a perfect social mobility mechanism to realize procedural justice and opportunity justice, expand middle classes scale, and enhance people＇s expectation of social mobility.