农业分工深化的实现机制:地权细分与合约治理

The Realization Mechanism for the Division of Agricultural Labor:Land Rights Subdivision and Contract Governance

如何将分散化的家庭经营纳入到规模经济与分工经济的发展轨迹,是我国农业经营制度创新的重要方向。基于崇州"1+1+1"农业经营模式的创新实践,提炼出推进农业分工发展的两条逻辑主线:一是以产权细分生成新的经营主体以促进农业分工的效率,二是以合约治理降低交易成本以促进分工效率的持续提高。尽管农业生产领域的分工深化有着天然的内生障碍,但农业并非完全是效率改善的被动产业,其本身存在深化分工改善效率的可能。"崇州模式"表明,创新农业经营制度的关键在于:地权细分及其各种细分权利的界定、赋予及其执行问题。

How to incorporate scattered household management into the development course of economy of scale and division is an important approach for the innovation of agricultural management institution in China. Based on the innovation practice of ＂1 ＋ 1 ＋ 1＂ agricultural management mode in Chongzhou, this paper summarizes two logical routes for the promotion of the division of agricultural labor： one is the generation of new management subjects by property rights subdivision, which can improve the efficiency of agricultural di- vision; the other is the extension of reducing transaction costs by contract governance, which can also improve the efficiency of division. This paper indicates that although the deepening of labor division in agricultural fields has innate endogenous obstacles, agriculture is incompletely the disadvantageous industry in respect of efficiency improvement, and it exists the possibility of efficiency improvement of division deepening. ＂Chongzhou mode＂ indicates that the key to the innovation of agricultural institution is the subdivision of land rights and its definition, authorization and execution.