浅析嵇康“越名教而任自然”的道德意蕴

The Moral Implications of Ji Kang's “Surpassing the Feudal Moral and Living Freely”

嵇康是魏晋时期著名的思想家之一。在司马氏利用名教控制天下的情况下,嵇康提出"越名教而任自然"的主张来反对虚伪名教的束缚,提倡个性解放,主张万物要遵循自然规律与法则,顺应其自然本性发展。实际上嵇康并不是反对一切道德和名教,而是通过"任自然"来回归到原初时代。顺应自然和人之性情的名教,是要超越现在而回归过去无欲、无贪的状态。

Ji Kang was one of famous thinkers in Wei and Jin Dynasties .He put forward an idea of “Surpassing the feudal moral code and living freely” to fight against Mr Sima who took the advantages of the Confucian ethnical codes to control the power because he thought that the Norm by Mr Sima was hypocrisy and its true intention was to restrain man . However ,the Norm by Ji Kang aimed at individual liberation ,arguing that everything should follow the laws and rules of nature and change with its own essence .Actually ,Ji Kang was not against all moral and Norm ,but by the idea of“living freely” argued a return to the original era when the people followed the nature and the man’s essence ,and they lived without desire and greed .