基于光纤技术的电磁脉冲3维电、磁场测量系统

Electric Field and Magnetic Field Measuring System for EMP Measurement Based on Fiber Technology

为对空间中任意极化方向的电磁脉冲进行测量，研制了一套3维电场和磁场测量系统。分别选择棒状电小天线与B．dot天线作为电场、磁场传感器的接收天线，并通过改变天线几何尺寸来满足工作带宽与灵敏度的测量要求；通过光电转换模块将调理后的天线输出信号转换为光强度信号并通过光纤传输；最终通过建模仿真与标定试验来验证测量系统的性能。实验结果表明：所研制的测量系统体积小、抗干扰能力强、对电磁脉冲的纳秒级前沿响应快，其响应前沿〈3ns，电场测量系统的动态范围可达-8．5～8．5kV／m，磁场测量系统的动态范围可达-10～10A／m；且可以通过3维矢量合成的方法方便地测量空间任意极化方向的电磁脉冲。

To measure electromagnetic pulses （EMPs） with arbitrary direction of polarization, we developed an isotropic electromagnetic field measuring system. The system has an unbalanced split shield loop antenna and an electrically small monopole antenna as its receiving antennas corresponding to sensors of electric field and magnetic field, respectively. By adjusting the antennas＇ sizes, the system meets the requirements of EMP measurement in both working bandwidth and sensitivity. The obtained signals are transformed into light intensity signals by an optical transmitter, and transmit through optical fibers. We tested the system through both simulations and calibration tests. The results show that the proposed measurement system has certain advantages for its small size, high anti-interference capability, and wide-band response. The response time to the pulse with 1 ns rising edge is within 3 ns. The measuring range of electric field measuring sys- tem is form -8.5 kV/m to 8.5 kV/m and the measuring range of magnetic measuring system is from -10 A/m to 10 A/m. It can measure EMPs with arbitrary direction of polarizationcombining with the vector synthesis method.