导尿管相关尿路感染危险因素及护理防控

目的分析导尿管相关尿路感染危险因素,并探讨最佳的护理防控措施。方法对260例留置导尿管的患者采用前瞻性调查方法,调查引起感染相关危险因素。结果 260例患者存在尿路感染症状的有38例,尿路感染发生率为14.6%。其中留置导尿时间<5 d患者、≥5 d患者尿路感染发生率分别为6.38%、35.57%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);<60岁患者和≥60岁患者尿路感染发生率分别5.43%、29.54%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),有基础疾病的患者也是尿路感染高危人群。结论留置导尿时间长、年龄大是导尿管相关尿路感染的主要因素;遵循无菌技术操作原则,严格手卫生管理,尽可能缩短留置导尿管时间。

Objective To analyse risk factors of catheter associated urinary tract infection, anb explore the best nursing and prevention measures. Methods 260 patients with indwelling catheterization were investigated prospectively tofind the risk factors related to infection.Results Among 260 patients, 38 patients were found symptoms of urinary tract infection, and the incidence rate of urinary tract infection was 14.6%. The incidence rate of urinary tract infection was 6.38% when the time of urethral catheterization was less than 5 days, while the incidence rate was 35.57% when the time of urethral catheterization was equal to or more than 5 days, and there was statistically significant difference between them （P〈 0.01）. The incidence rate was 5.43% when patients’ age were less than60 years, while the incidence rate was 29.54% when patients’ age were equal to or more than 60 years, and there was statistically significant difference between them （P〈 0.01）. Patients with underlying diseases were high risk population. Conclusion Indwelling catheter time and patient’s age are main risk factors of catheter associated urinary tract infection. Following the principles of aseptic technique, strict management of hand hygiene, shortening the time of indwelling catheter as far as possible, and standardized management of indwelling catheter are important control and prevention measures for catheter associated infection.