国产化率保护对自主创新的影响——来自中国风电制造业的证据

The Impacts of Domestic Content Protection on Indigenous Innovation——Evidence from China's Wind Power Technology Industry

国产化率保护(DCP)是发展中国家保护本国幼稚产业、促进自主创新的政策之一。本文以中国风电制造业为样本,用中国发明专利申请数量和质量度量自主创新,经验研究国产化率保护对自主创新的影响。双重差分估计和三重差分估计的结果都表明,相比我国光伏太阳能发电技术,DCP政策增加我国风电技术的发明专利申请数量;这个增加通过非学术机构发明人实现;同时,风电技术专利申请成功获得授权的概率没有下降。双重差分估计结果表明,DCP政策使得我国各省风电发明专利申请数在2005、2006和2007年分别增加1.56项、2.70项和8.15项。本研究为中国将保护国产产品作为促进自主创新的政策提供了经验支持。

Domestic content protection（DCP） is one of polices that developing countries have been implementing to protect infant industry and to advance indigenous innovation. This paper empirically studies the impacts of DCP policies, on indigenous innovation in China＇s wind power technology industry. Employing the quantity and quality of Chinese invention patent filings as a metric for domestic innovation, and solar photovoltaic as the comparison technology, both Difference-in- Difference（DD） estimation and Difference-in-Difference-in-Difference （DDD）estimation find that DCP policies have significantly increased invention patent filings in wind power technology by Chinese, and the increase is driven by nonacademic Chinese; meanwhile, DCP policies have not caused any decline in the Chinese invention patent filings＇ rate of being granted. Results from DD estimation show that, DCP policies have increased invention patent filings in wind power technology at the provincial level in 2005, 2006, and 2007 by 1.56, 2.70 and 8.15, respectively. Our findings provide empirical support for that China protects local products as a policy to advance indigenous innovation.