林权制度改革与林权学的若干理论与实践问题

Forest Tenure Reform and Forest Right Theory and Practice

从林权概念及特征的讨论入手,认为传统意义上的林权即集体林权制度改革实践中林权证上登记记载的"四权",无法涵盖"承包经营权"这一概念,应作相应修改完善;林地承包经营权作为用益物权,具有独立于所有权而单独存在的特征,所有权人不能随意收回。基于林权问题的复杂性与特殊性,认为有必要建立"林权学"。讨论了林权学的基本要素和基础理论,基本要素包括独立的研究领域、系统的知识体系和独特的研究方法。根据代内公平理论,确保农民和职工获得林地的承包经营权是林权学首先要研究的问题。

From the concept and characteristic of forest right, the paper holds that, in the traditional sense, forest right means in the practice of collective forest right system reform on a grassland-use registration record ＂four rights＂, cannot cover the concept of ＂contracted management＂, should make corresponding modification. Wood- land as usufi＇uctuary right, the right to the contracted management of land ownership is independent of the individual characteristics, owners can＇t recover. Based on the complexity and particularity of forest right problem, it is necessary to establish a subject of ＂forest right to learn＂, it is independent field. It is involved in the basic elements, the basic theory, basic elements including independent field of study, knowledge system and unique research methods. According to the intra-generational equity theory, to ensure that farmers and workers get right to the contracted management of forest land is first to study the problem of forest rights.