松科树种的离体培养研究进展

Review on in vitro culture of tree species in Pinaceae

松科树种的离体培养技术相关研究从20世纪70年代开始至今一直备受关注,并取得了不断的突破。笔者综述了松科树种离体培养的研究进展,对松科树种在直接器官发生、间接器官发生、体细胞胚胎发生、原生质体培养等不同离体培养方式所取得的研究结果进行了总结,并介绍了外植体、培养基、激素等影响离体培养的因素和条件,对松科树种离体培养中有待进一步开展的机理性研究、成年母树营养器官离体培养技术、褐化问题、诱导生根和再生植株移栽技术、商业化生产应用、离体材料的超低温保存研究等方面进行了展望。

In vitro culture play an important role in rapid propagation of improving trees, tree germplasm resources conservation, forest molecular breeding and some basic researches. Much attention has been paid on in vitro culture of tree species in Pinaceae since 1970s. In this paper, progress on in vitro culture of tree species in Pinaceae were reviewed, results achieved in four ways for in vitro culture of tree species in Pinaceae, such as direct organogenesis, indirect organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis and protoplast culture, were mainly summarized. Factors influenced in vitro culture such as explant, medium type, hormone, etc. were discussed. Problems to be further resolved of in vitro culture on tree species of Pinaceae, such as mechanism study, in vitro culture on mature improved ortet trees, browning, root induction, plantlet transplant and commercial production, and cryopreservation of germplasm, were proposed.