摘要
在盆栽条件下,研究调亏灌溉对小桐子幼树形态特征与水分利用的影响。设置2种调亏水平:重度亏缺W1(田间持水量的25%~45%)和轻度亏缺W2(田间持水量的45%~65%);3种亏水处理时间:D1(亏水120 d )、D2(亏水90 d )和D3(亏水60 d );CK为常规灌溉(田间持水量的65%~85%)。结果表明:亏水度对小桐子幼树的株高、茎粗、壮苗指数、叶面积、基茎截面积、干物质质量和水分利用效率的影响趋势表现为轻度调亏处理>重度调亏处理;对根冠比和胡伯尔值的影响趋势表现为:重度调亏处理>轻度调亏处理。亏水时间对小桐子幼树的株高、茎粗、壮苗指数、叶面积、基茎截面积、干物质质量和水分利用效率的影响趋势表现为60 d>90 d>120 d;对根冠比和胡伯尔值的影响趋势均表现为120 d>90 d>60 d。与正常灌水相比,轻度调亏60 d的处理节约灌溉用水11.2%,其叶干重和叶柄干重显著下降,根系、茎秆和总干重下降并不明显,而粗高比和根冠比显著提高,因此,灌溉水利用效率和壮苗指数显著增加7.8%和8.1%。可见,苗后期轻度亏水不仅具有明显的壮苗作用,而且促进水分利用效率显著增大。
A pot-grown experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of regulated deficit irrigation on morpho-logical characteristics and water use of Jatropha curcas L .Two water deficit levels were set as severe water deficit W1 (soil moisture maintained at 25% ~45% of field capacity ) and moderate water deficit W2 (soil moisture maintained at 45% ~65% of field capacity ) and three water deficit time levels (D1:120 d ,D2:90 d ,and D3:60 d ) were designed in the study .Control treatment was full irrigation (soil moisture maintained at 65% ~85% of field capacity ) .Results showed that effects of light water deficiency were more apparent than those of severe water deficiency on plant height , stem diameter ,healthy index of seedlings ,total leaf area ,xylem cross-sectional area of basal shoot ,total dry mass ,and water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas L .However ,severe water deficit level seemed to have affected the root-shoot ratio and Huber value of Jatropha curcas L .more than light water deficit level .Effects of water deficit time on plant height , stem diameter ,healthy index of seedlings ,total leaf area ,xylem cross-sectional area of basal shoot ,total dry mass ,and water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas L .were in the following order:60 d〉90 d〉120 d .Additionally ,effects of wa-ter deficit time on root-shoot ratio and Huber value of Jatropha curcas L .were as 120 d〉90 d〉60 d .Compared with the control ,W2D3 treatment saved irrigation water by 11 .2% ,leaf and petiole dry mass were significantly reduced ,and root ,stem ,and total dry mass dropped slightly .Nevertheless ,base stem diameter-plant height ratio and root-shoot ratio became significantly increased .As a result ,irrigation water use efficiency and healthy index of sapling were significantly increased to 7 .8% and 8 .1 .% ,respectively .It is clear that light water deficit level t the late stage of seedling develop-ment not only increased the healthy index ,but significantly promoted water use efficiency .
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期130-135,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金(51379004
51009073
51109102)
云南省应用基础研究面上项目(2013FB024)
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2011AA100504)
关键词
调亏灌溉
小桐子
壮苗指数
胡伯尔值
水分利用效率
RDI Jatropha curcas L . healthy index of seedlings Huber value water use efficiency