贝克特小说三部曲中的身体叙事

Body narrative in Beckett's Trilogy

塞缪尔·贝克特在他的代表作小说三部曲(《莫洛伊》、《马龙之死》、《无法称呼的人》)中深刻探讨了身体的遭际与命运问题。首先,贝克特的三部曲中身体承载了社会、个人的荒诞记忆,这较之他的荒诞剧更有过之而无不及;其次,三步曲中主人公的身体总是被监视着,权力附着其上,身体备受蹂躏,被宰制、改造、矫正和规范化着,因此身体显得悲观、被动、呆滞;最后,身体在性的支配下,摆脱了伦理的、道德的、宗教的束缚,放纵欲望,在空中飘浮,成为生命的不能承受之轻。

Beckett＇s literary achievement is represented by his novel tnlogy-Molloy, Malone＇s Death and UnKnown Person, in ms trilogy, Beckett deeply demonstrates his thoughts on body and destiny. Firstly, in his trilogy, body carries absurd memory of society and individual, and this is even more absurd than his absurd theatre. Secondly, body in the trilogy is always being watched and at- tached to power, and often suffers devastation, being dominated, remoulded, corrected and regulated, thus body becomes pessimistic, passive and lifeless. Thirdly, controlled by sex, body has gotten rid of the restricts of ethics, virtue and religion and indulged in the desire, floating in the air which becomes the unbearable lightness of being.