关于区域民族史书写中若干问题的思考

On Historic Records of Regional Ethnicity

本文对区域民族史书写中如何创新等问题进行了探讨。文章认为,鉴于中国历史叙述中长期沿袭二十四史中业已形成的将中原正统王朝与周边"四夷"截然两分、彼此割裂开来的书写传统,以及中国历史叙述体系中民族及边疆因素长期受到相对忽视的现实,在当前区域民族史编写中,我们不仅需要检讨和反省传统上看待中国区域民族史的视角、立场的局限性和片面性,兼顾中国社会的变化趋势、时代特点及需求,另一个重要使命和责任,则是要加强对中国历史整体过程和面貌的呈现。为此,文章提出,在新的历史条件下,区域民族史编写需要把区域民族史置于"三个互动"——即中央与地方的互动、汉与非汉的互动和农耕与游牧的互动的历史脉络中来加以认识和理解。这样,不但有利于改变长期以来中国历史书写中将中原正统与周边"四夷"截然两分、彼此割裂的弊端,使区域民族史的编写具一种全局性的整体视野,从而更清晰和完整地呈现出区域民族史的发展轨迹及其作为中国整体历史之有机组成部分的特点和面貌。

The present paper discusses new way of recoding history of regional ethnicity.Traditionally,historic records such as Twenty-Four Histories focused on powerful dynasties in central China as the center and ignore ethnicity and frontiers factors,and this lead to separation and isolation of the central China from surrounding regions in traditional historic records.We not only need to review and reflect the limitation and one-sidedness of traditional angle and position on regional ethnicity but also to strengthen the whole process and the features of Chinese history.Under the new historical conditions,the paper puts forward 'three interactions' to understand regional history:the interaction between the central government and local government,the interaction between different ethnic groups and the interaction between farming and nomadic.This will not only overcome the disadvantages of separating and isolating the central China and surrounding regions in traditional historic records,but also make history of China more completed so as to show the regional history as an integrated organic part.