苏州市吴中区生态承载力分析与生态红利开发对策

Analysis of Ecological Carrying Capacity and the Ecological Bonus Development Strategies in Wuzhong District of Suzhou

为了充分开发苏州市吴中区的生态资源充分获得生态红利,以及从生态承载力分析与生态红利开发对策的角度,给苏州市吴中区提供符合现状的可持续发展理论依据,以苏州市吴中区2007—2012年统计年鉴数据为主要依据,对吴中区6年间的生态足迹和生态承载力进行了动态分析,并且对吴中区的生态红线区域进行了调查。研究结果表明:6年间吴中区的生态足迹正逐年下降,尤其是能源用地生态足迹下降显著。这说明吴中区的生态环境得到初步改善,对环境资源的利用率也有所提高。苏州市吴中区的生态红线区域达到1 757.16 km2,占全区国土面积的87.1%,为江苏省最高。苏州市吴中区的主要生态问题有人口数量过大、耕地资源短缺和生活消费水平较高等3个方面。生态环境的治理应相应从控制人口、改变产业结构、加强第三产业的发展和加强法制建设等方面着手。苏州市吴中区的生态红利开发应当主要从发展第三产业,推广生态旅游、建设生态农业园、打造绿色特色品牌等方面进行,此外应当抓住园博会的好时机,创建生态文明城市。

In order to fully develop the ecological resources and full access to eco-bonus of Wuzhong, Suzhou, provide a theoretical basis for sustainable development in line with the status quo from the ecological carrying capacity and the ecological bonus development strategies angle of Wuzhong Suzhou, making Wuzhong Suzhou City Statistical Yearbook 2007--2012 data as the main basis the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of 6 years of Wuzhong was conducted a dynamic analysis, and ecological red area of Wuzhong was conducted a survey. The results showed that in 6 years, the ecological footprint of Wuzhong is declining, especially in energy land ecological footprint significantly decreased. This shows that the ecological environment of Wuzhong of initial improvement, utilization of environmental resources also increased. Eco-red region of Wuzhong, Suzhou reached 1 757.16 km2, accounting for 87.1% of the total land area, was the highest in Jiangsu Province. The main ecological problems of Wuzhong, Suzhou with a population number was too large, the shortage of arable land resources and a higher level of consumption of the three aspects of life. Governance ecological environment should proceed from the corresponding control population, changing in the industrial structure, enhancing the development of the tertiary industry and strengthening the legal system in these areas. The development of eco-bonus of Wuzhong, Suzhou, mainly from the development of the tertiary industry should promote eco-tourism, ecological agriculture park, build green brand characteristics that several aspects, in addition to Fair Park should seize the good opportunity of creating an ecological civilization city.