MR扩散峰度成像原理及其在中枢神经系统的初步应用

Magnetic resonance diffusion kurtosis imaging: basic principle and preliminary application in central nervous system

通过对水分子扩散运动的测量,扩散张量成像(DTI)可以无创地对组织结构进行评价,而扩散峰度成像(DKI)是以DTI为基础,对生物组织内水分子扩散的非高斯分布特征进行定量分析,揭示组织结构细微改变。DKI较DTI能提供更多关于组织微观结构的信息。综述DKI的原理及其在中枢神经系统的应用,包括神经退行性疾病、创伤性脑损伤、缺血性脑卒中、胶质瘤、多发性硬化、脑发育等。

Diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） can be used to measure the diffusional motion of water molecules, and can provide a unique source of contrast among tissues. Diffusion kurtosis imaging （DKI） provides quantifiable information on the non-Gaussian behavior of water diffusion in biological tissue, and discloses subtle substructural changes. DKI can provide more information than DTI does. In this article, we reviewed the basic principle and preliminary application of DKI in central nervous system, including neurodegenerative disease, traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemic stroke, glioma, multiple sclerosis, and brain maturation.