西部欠发达山区城镇化发展动力机制分析——以贵州水城县为例

Analysis on Dynamic Mechanism of Urbanization in Underdeveloped Mountainous Areas in Western China—The Case of Shuicheng County of Guizhou Province

在全面推进新型城镇化发展背景下,如何实现我国多重地域空间的良性共生发展,特别是如何加快提升我国西部欠发达地区的城镇化水平是摆在我国城镇化发展道路上的重大问题。以贵州水城县为例,分析西部欠发达山区城镇化发展存在的城镇化发展水平严重滞后、城镇空间布局低水平均衡、县域产业结构初级低端和生态资源危机严峻迫切等问题;指出西部欠发达山区县域城镇化发展所受的三个特质性约束:欠发达的宏观经济背景、严峻的高原山地地貌和少数民族聚居的社会背景,并在其特质性约束基础上对成功城镇化模式进行批判吸收;最后,构建了水城县城镇化发展的动力机制模型,提出政府政策、产业经济和农民主体三大城镇化驱动机制,以期对西部欠发达山区城镇化的健康、稳步发展提供借鉴参考。

In the background of comprehensive new urbanization promotion, how to realize the benign symbiotic development of multiple regional space in China, especially how to speed up the urbanization level in western underdeveloped areas is a major problem of China’s urbanization. Taking Shuicheng County for example, the paper analyzes urbanization problems in western underdeveloped mountainous areas： seriously lagged urbanization, low-level equilibrium urban spatial distribution, low industrial structure and urgently ecological resource crisis. It points out three traits constraining county urbanization in western underdeveloped mountainous areas： underdeveloped macro-economic backdrop, severe mountainous landform, and minority living social background. And based on traits constraints, it critically absorbs successful urbanization experiences. At last, it constructs a dynamic mechanism model of urbanization in Shuicheng County, and put forward three urbanization driving mechanisms： government policy, industrial economy and the subject position of peasants, in hope of providing a reference for healthy and stable urbanization in western underdeveloped mountainous areas.