番禺地区小儿下呼吸道感染病原体检测及意义

Pathogen detection of child lower respiratory tract infections in Panyu area and its meaning

目的为了解番禺地区小儿下呼吸道感染的病原学流行情况,指导临床合理预防。方法采用间接免疫荧光技术对1 050例患儿进行嗜肺军团菌血清1型(LPS)、肺炎支原体(MP)、Q热立克次体(QFR)、肺炎衣原体(CPn)、腺病毒(ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)和副流感病毒1、2和3型(PIV1、2、3)等9种病原微生物进行检测。结果 1 050例下呼吸道感染患儿检出非典型病原体阳性病例706例。其中以MP和RSV阳性率最高,分别占26.3%和26.0%。不同年龄阶段主要阳性病原体有差异。结论婴儿组以病毒感染为主,儿童组以MP感染及混合性感染为主,该结果表明各种病原体对不同人群的易感性存在差异。婴儿与儿童的免疫功能成熟程度不同可能是导致易感性差异的根本原因,通过针对不同年龄段婴幼儿搭配饮食、增加运动量和合理使用抗生素可能是减少小儿下呼吸道感染的有效措施。

Objective To understand the prevalence situation of child lower respiratory tract infections in Pan‐yu area for guiding rational drug use in clinic .Methods 9 kinds of pathogenic microorganism ,including legionella pneumophila serotype 1 （LPS） ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP） ,Q fever Rickettsia （QFR） ,Chlamydia pneumoniae （CPn） ,adenovirus（ADV） ,respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） ,influenza A virus （IFVA） ,influenza B virus （IFVB） and parainfluenza virus type 1 ,2 and 3 （PIV1 ,2 ,3） in 1 050 children patients were detected by the indirect immuno‐fluorescence technique .Results Among 1 050 children cases of lower respiratory tract infections ,706 positive cases of atypical pathogens were detected out ,in which MP and RSV had the highest positive rate ,accounting for 26 .3%and 26 .0% respectively .The main positive pathogens in different age groups were different .Conclusion The viral infection is predominant in the infants group and the MP infection and the mixed infection are predominant in the children group .These results indicate that the difference exists in the susceptibility of various pathogens .The differ‐ent mature degrees of immune system in infants and children may be the root reasons leading to the susceptibility difference .It may be an effective way to reduce the lower respiratory tract infections by giving proper mixed diet ,in‐creasing exercise amount and rational use of antibiotics aiming at different age groups of infants and children.