20世纪80年代以来美国外语教师在职教育的改革动向

The Reform of Foreign Language Teacher in-service Education in the USA since the 1980s

20世纪80年代以来,美国外语教师在职教育改革呈现出新的特点。其变革的原因有两个方面,一是联邦政府对于外语教师教育的高度重视,二是"专业派"教师教育改革浪潮的推动。改革具体表现在制定教师专业标准、专业组织介入培养,教师培养校本化和开展行动研究。美国外语教师在职教育的改革有利于外语教师培养的标准化与科学化,体现了统一性与灵活性的结合以及外语教师专业发展的范式转型。

Foreign language teacher in-service education in the USA has illustrated new features since the 1980s for two reasons. One is the federal government values greatly the foreign language teacher education, and the other is the motivation by the tide of teacher education reforms for professionalism. The reform manifests in several aspects： establishment of the professional standard, involvement of the professional organization in preparation, the school-based preparation for teachers and action research by the teachers. The reform of foreign language teacher in-service education in the USA is beneficial for the standardization of preparation for foreign language teachers, featuring the combination of unity and flexibility and the shift of the professional development of foreign language teacher.