对中医“阴精”、“阳精”、“阴气”及“阳气”的理解

Understanding of “Yin Jing” “Yang Jing” “Yin Qi” and “Yang Qi” in traditional Chinese medicine

精、气都是古代哲学中的重要名词,意义深广。在"气一元论"的影响下两者均为构成宇宙万物的本原,并逐渐形成了"精气学说"。然在中医范畴下,精和气有了相对明确的分流,并且多是针对人体而言。精是构成和维持人体生命活动的本原物质,气是功能活动的动力源泉,具有物质和功能双重性质,由此可知,精和气对人体起着至关重要的作用。着手于经典医学著作,查找相关论述,分析中医之"阴精"、"阳精"、"阴气"以及"阳气"的涵义,以期明确其所指并对今后中医阴阳相关名词的理解有所启发。

Jing and Qi are both the important terms with deeper meaning in the ancient philosophy. Following the “Qi Monism”, both of Jing and Qi are the primitive substances to compose universe, and then there forms “doctrine of Jing Qi”. However, in the traditional chinese medicine（TCM）, Jing and Qi have relatively clear diversion and mostly for the human body. Jing is the primitive substances of human body and sustains the activities. Qi is the energy source of the human functional activities, with the dual nature of the substance and function. So Jing and Qi play a vital role in the human body. This paper starts from the classical TCM literature to seek for related descriptions and then make a detail analysis of “Yin Jing Yang Jing Yin Qi” and “Yang Qi”. So as to clarify their meanings and inspire the understanding of the TCM terms related with Yin and Yang.